Why China Can't Beat America
In a Nutshell
America maintains dominance through maritime trade networks, technological leadership, and the ability to cut off adversaries from global resources, while China faces strategic vulnerability despite its land-based power. Trump has accelerated the shift from institutional to personal politics and disrupted the post-WWII order, but America continues leading the information revolution with AI and tech companies that no other nation can match. The core strategic reality remains unchanged: continental powers like China cannot ultimately defeat the English-speaking maritime system that has prevailed against France, Germany, and the Soviet Union over 300 years.
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China is a land-based continental empire that believes it can match the technological and therefore military power of other powers without the need for political liberalism and anarchic democracy. America continues dominating the latest technologies. Xi Jinping recognizes that in any conflict with the United States, China faces the risk of being cut off from many of the raw materials and markets its economy needs.
The American Peace developed after 1945 and renewed in 1990 at the end of the Cold War is going through a real crisis. However, American power itself is not in crisis. Thanks to the information revolution and extraordinary rise in productivity, the United States continues moving forward. The networks, institutional relationships with Europe, and ways of dealing with the world may collapse, but the United States as a power persists.
The World Trade Organization represented a rules-based trading system, but now tariffs are imposed according to what President Trump sees fit. America used to exercise power through institutions such as NATO and the United Nations. Since World War II, American foreign policy was based on being consistent and predictable, with clear red lines that others could understand and live with. Commitments made in 1955 remained in place unless announced with great fanfare that they were changing. Trump believes he maximizes gains by being completely unpredictable and crossing lines that previous presidents would not have crossed, such as threatening to double tariffs if countries do not raise their defense budgets.
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